Health Service Providers in Psychology (HSPP) may practice in independent practice settings, however, a larger percent practice in institutional settings. Many follow the traditional and often cumbersome specialty referral model, simply working beside other health care professionals, referring to each other as necessary. A more exciting model is practiced by a small but growing number of HSPPs: the integrated healthcare model (IHC). This model requires psychologists to physically practice in an integrated health or primary care setting. Psychologists in these settings have demonstrated that they are effective team players, add incredible expertise to the understanding of the mind-body relationship, and are actively engaged in the design and evaluation of evidence-based treatment programs.

There are also many reasons to recommend the IHC model to consumers: